Why tongue weight matters
Tongue weight is the downward force the trailer puts on the hitch ball. Too little and the trailer can sway dangerously; too much overloads the tow vehicle's rear axle and lightens the steering. It also counts against the vehicle's payload.
Example: 6,000 lb travel trailer
10–15% gives 600–900 lb. A Class III hitch rated 800 lb would be under-rated at the top of that range.
How to measure it
Use a tongue-weight scale, or a CAT scale weighing the tow vehicle with and without the trailer tongue on the hitch. Move cargo forward or back in the trailer to adjust.
Frequently asked questions
What happens if tongue weight is too light?
The trailer is more likely to sway at highway speed, which can cause loss of control.
Does tongue weight count toward payload?
Yes. Tongue or pin weight plus passengers and cargo must stay under the vehicle's payload rating.
Do I need a weight distribution hitch?
Many manufacturers require one above about 5,000 lb trailer weight or 500 lb tongue weight. Check your owner's manual.