Voltage drop by wire size (100 A, 200 ft, 240 V)
| Copper wire | Drop (V) | Drop (%) | Within 3% |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3 AWG | 9.80 V | 4.08% | ✗ |
| 2 AWG | 7.76 V | 3.23% | ✗ |
| 1 AWG | 6.16 V | 2.57% | ✓ |
| 1/0 AWG | 4.88 V | 2.03% | ✓ |
| 2/0 AWG | 3.87 V | 1.61% | ✓ |
Voltage drop = 2 × 200 ft × 100 A × resistance ÷ 1000. Keeping it under 3% on branch circuits (5% total) is the NEC recommendation in the informational notes to 210.19 and 215.2.
Frequently asked questions
Is 3 AWG enough for 100 amps at 200 feet?
It carries 100 A, but at 200 ft the voltage drop is 4.1%. That is over 3%, so the next size up is recommended.
Does the distance include the return wire?
No. Enter the one-way distance; the formula already counts both conductors.